{"id":24579,"date":"2025-06-17T13:47:15","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T13:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/?post_type=free_lesson&#038;p=24579"},"modified":"2025-06-17T13:47:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T13:47:15","slug":"modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation","status":"publish","type":"free_lesson","link":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/","title":{"rendered":"Modal Verbs: Permission, Prohibition, Obligation, No obligation\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">We use <strong>modal verbs<\/strong> when we want to express <strong>permission<\/strong>, <strong>prohibition<\/strong> (not allowing something), <strong>obligation<\/strong> or <strong>no obligation<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Permission \u2013 can, may, could<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&#8216;<strong>Can<\/strong>&#8216; is most often used to ask for or give permission, but &#8216;<strong>may<\/strong>&#8216; and &#8216;<strong>could<\/strong>&#8216; are also possible even though they are not used as often as &#8216;can&#8217;.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>You <\/em><strong><em>can<\/em><\/strong><em> sit here; the seat is free.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Could<\/em><\/strong><em> I open the window?<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>May<\/em><\/strong><em> I ask a question?<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prohibition<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&#8216;<strong>Can&#8217;t<\/strong>&#8216; and &#8216;<strong>mustn&#8217;t<\/strong>&#8216; (must not) are used to show that something is prohibited (not allowed).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>You <\/em><strong><em>can&#8217;t<\/em><\/strong><em> go into that restaurant without a tie.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>You <\/em><strong><em>can&#8217;t<\/em><\/strong><em> drive in this country unless you are over eighteen.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>You <\/em><strong><em>mustn&#8217;t<\/em><\/strong><em> use your phone in class.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&#8216;Can&#8217;t&#8217; usually gives the idea of something that is against the rules. \u2018Mustn\u2019t\u2019 usually means that it is the speaker who is setting the rule.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Obligation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&#8216;<strong>Have to<\/strong>&#8216; and &#8216;<strong>must<\/strong>&#8216; are both used to express obligation. There is a slight difference in the way that they are both used.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The difference between &#8216;have to&#8217; and &#8216;must&#8217;<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&#8216;Have to&#8217; shows that the obligation comes from someone else, not the speaker. This is usually referring to a rule or law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>We <\/em><strong><em>have to<\/em><\/strong><em> be at the airport at least two hours before the flight.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>I <\/em><strong><em>have to<\/em><\/strong><em> work on Saturday.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>They <\/em><strong><em>have to<\/em><\/strong><em> wear their uniforms at school.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&#8216;Must&#8217; shows us that the obligation comes from the speaker.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>I <\/em><strong><em>must<\/em><\/strong><em> hand in my thesis by tomorrow.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>I really <\/em><strong><em>must<\/em><\/strong><em> call my parents.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Let&#8217;s look at an example. Do you notice a difference in these two sentences?<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><em>My doctor said that I <\/em><strong><em>have to<\/em><\/strong><em> stop smoking or I&#8217;ll risk serious problems. <\/em>(I have no choice)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><em>I <\/em><strong><em>must<\/em><\/strong><em> stop smoking. It\u2019s costing me too much money. <\/em>(it\u2019s my decision)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>No obligation<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">We use &#8216;<strong>don&#8217;t have to<\/strong>&#8216; to show that there is no obligation. You can do something if you want but it is not an obligation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>You <\/em><strong><em>don&#8217;t have to<\/em><\/strong><em> wear a tie to go to the restaurant, but it would be nice.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>You <\/em><strong><em>didn&#8217;t have to<\/em><\/strong><em> drive me. I could&#8217;ve ordered a taxi.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Students <\/em><strong><em>don&#8217;t have to<\/em><\/strong><em> wear uniforms to school.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-11161-c-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157693ca1142fb2aec1fd70b8a939725\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We use modal verbs when we want to express permission, prohibition (not allowing something), obligation or no obligation.&nbsp; Permission \u2013<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":5184,"parent":0,"template":"","free_lesson_category":[281,292],"class_list":["post-24579","free_lesson","type-free_lesson","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","free_lesson_category-grammar","free_lesson_category-modals"],"acf":{"related_posts":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Modal Verbs: Permission, prohibition, obligation, no obligation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn to use modal verbs &#039;like&#039; &#039;can&#039;, &#039;must&#039;, and &#039;have to&#039; to express permission, prohibition, obligation and more!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Modal Verbs: Permission, prohibition, obligation, no obligation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn to use modal verbs &#039;like&#039; &#039;can&#039;, &#039;must&#039;, and &#039;have to&#039; to express permission, prohibition, obligation and more!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EC English ( EN )\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1620\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/\",\"name\":\"Modal Verbs: Permission, prohibition, obligation, no obligation\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-17T13:47:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn to use modal verbs 'like' 'can', 'must', and 'have to' to express permission, prohibition, obligation and more!\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg\",\"width\":1620,\"height\":1080,\"caption\":\"EC New York School\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Learn English for free\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Grammar\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Modal Verbs: Permission, Prohibition, Obligation, No obligation\u00a0\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/\",\"name\":\"EC English ( EN )\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Modal Verbs: Permission, prohibition, obligation, no obligation","description":"Learn to use modal verbs 'like' 'can', 'must', and 'have to' to express permission, prohibition, obligation and more!","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Modal Verbs: Permission, prohibition, obligation, no obligation","og_description":"Learn to use modal verbs 'like' 'can', 'must', and 'have to' to express permission, prohibition, obligation and more!","og_url":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/","og_site_name":"EC English ( EN )","og_image":[{"width":1620,"height":1080,"url":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/","url":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/","name":"Modal Verbs: Permission, prohibition, obligation, no obligation","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg","datePublished":"2025-06-17T13:47:15+00:00","description":"Learn to use modal verbs 'like' 'can', 'must', and 'have to' to express permission, prohibition, obligation and more!","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/01\/Students-Smiling-Colorful-Image-Classroom-EC.jpg","width":1620,"height":1080,"caption":"EC New York School"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/modal-verbs-permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Learn English for free","item":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Grammar","item":"https:\/\/ecenglish.com\/en\/learn-english-for-free\/grammar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Modal Verbs: Permission, Prohibition, Obligation, No obligation\u00a0"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/","name":"EC English ( EN )","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/free_lesson\/24579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/free_lesson"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/free_lesson"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/free_lesson\/24579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24746,"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/free_lesson\/24579\/revisions\/24746"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5184"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"free_lesson_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ec.itmonks.dev\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/free_lesson_category?post=24579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}